List of abbreviations

Abbreviation
Description
2pf piano duet
A altos (choral voice)
a alto (solo voice)
ac accordion
act actor
actress actress
aqf aquaphone
ar harp
archi string instruments (orchestra)
arm harmonica
b bass (solo voice)
B basses (choral voice)
ban bandoneon
bas bass
bat percussion
bbr bass-baritone
bc tone woodblock
bdb baroque double-bass
bfg baroque bassoon
bgui bass guitar
bch Chinese block
bo banjo
bob baroque oboe
bon bongo
bot bottles
br baritone
BR baritones (choral voice)
bu bunkoš
bvc baroque violoncello
bvl baroque viola
bvn baroque violin
C electroacustic music
C* live electronics
C+(x,y) tape and instruments
CA computer animation
cb double bass
CB children's choir
cel celesta
CF female choir
cfg double bassoon / contrabassoon
ci English horn
cio cow bell
cit zither
cl clarinet
clap clapping
clb bass clarinet
cle handbells
clp clarinet in E flat
clv claves
CM mixed choir
CMa male choir
cmb harpsichord
cmp (tubular) bells
con conga
cpl bell-play / carillon (org)
cr French horn
cra Alphorn
crb basset horn
crm bagpipe
crt crotales
cst castanets
cvg violone (contrabass viola da gamba)
dir. conductor
dr drums
dra jew´s harp
elgui electric guitar
elorg electric organ
elpf electric piano
elvn electric violin
ens chamber ensemble
euf baritone (euphonium)
fc flügelhorn
fct tenor horn
fg bassoon
fl flute
fla alto flute
flb bass flute
fld recorder
flda alto recorder
fldt tenor recorder
flp piccolo
folkb folkband, folk instruments orchestra
fpf fortepiano
fr slap stick
fsch tin/penny whistle
fu fujara
fut fujara trombita
fxt flexatone
gc bass drum
gng gong
gro guiro
gui guitar
harm harmonium
chit chitarrone
inc anvil
joy joystick
ka contralto
keyb keybord (instrument)
koto koto
kr krummhorn
kt countertenor
lap laptop
lut lute / archlute
man mandolin
mb marimba
mbf marimbaphone
mcs maracas
mg magnetophone tape
mil milanolo
ms mezzo-soprano
ob oboe
oba oboe d'amore
obj objects
orf Orff instruments
org organ
orch orchestra
pdf pedalophone
pf piano
pf, cmb piano, harpsichord
pf4m piano duet
pf6m piano six hands
po positive
ppf prepared piano
pti cymbals
pto cymbal
réžia director
rg ratchet
s soprano
sde sound engineer
son sleigh bells
sp spinet
spf female speaker
spk speaker
ssph sousaphone
sth synthesizer
sth.fiati breath synthesizer
str strings
strum.adlib unspecified instruments
strum.pop folk instruments
sx saxophone
sxa alto saxophone
sxb bass saxophone
sxbr baritone saxophone
sxs soprano saxophone
sxt tenor saxophone
T tenors (choral voice)
t tenor (solo voice)
tam tamtam
taq waterdrums
tbl temple blocks
te theorba
tenor tenor
tgt tárogató
tgui toy guitar
tlo hand drum
tmb timbales
tn trombone
tnb bass trombone
tno tambourine
tom tomtom
tp timpani
tpc side drum
tr trumpet
tr.bam toy trumpet
tr.pic piccolo trumpet
trb bass trumpet
tres trumpet in E flat
trg triangle
trl tenor drum
tu tuba
tunb tuned bottles
turn turntable
umv. artistic director
v voice (solo)
V voices (unison)
vb child’s voice
vbf vibraphone
vc cello
vf voice (female)
video video
VJ video jockey
vl viola
vlg viola da gamba
vm voice (male)
VM voices (male)
vn violin
VV voices (two or more parts)
vv voices (solo)
X any number of (instruments)
xlf xylophone
zbm choirmaster
zbm. choirmaster
zlp Slovak folk violin
zmb cimbalom
x